 Project Appreciation and ObjectivesDWI require water companies to establish site specific treatment regimes to meet regulatory microbiological quality after treatment and operate distribution systems to maintain this quality up the customers tap. Selection of suitable technologies and appropriate design and operating conditions are critical elements in meeting these requirements. Maintaining awareness of the technologies and practices will help disinfection targets to be met efficiently at lowest cost. The objective of the work is to provide a mechanism for disseminating information on disinfection and sharing experience, through: - structured meetings between participating companies; and
- reviews of research and developments in disinfection technology and implementation.
Benefits to Clients The Forum will provide a very efficient means to identify: - The most appropriate disinfection technologies and operating conditions to meet regulatory requirements for microbiological quality.
- Potential operating problems and ways of overcoming these.
- Developments in technologies and regulatory approaches with potential benefits or impact in the medium to longer term.
Work Programme Meetings, held three times a year, would have particular themes which would be agreed in advance, and could include, for example: - Microbiological risk assessments and their interpretation for disinfection design and operation.
- Tracer tests and contact tank design/operation to define effective CT (chlorine concentration x time).
- Design and operation of UV systems.
- Chlorine dioxide.
- By-product concerns.
- Monitoring and control e.g. triple vs dual validation.
- Role of alternative disinfectants e.g. chlorine dioxide.
- Dealing with coliform failures.
- "Secondary disinfection" - the role of disinfectant residuals in distribution.
- Maintaining security of supply for chlorine, hypochlorite quality, alternative disinfectants.
A summary review of issues and current research/regulatory perspectives will be sent out before each meeting to form the basis for presentation and discussion at the meeting. In the longer term, there may be benefits in creating a password protected website for participating companies, but this will be discussed during the first year of the work. Project Output A report will be provided after each of the meetings, which will: - Review the issues identified and summarise the discussions at the meeting.
- Provide recommendations on technology and operating practices.
- Identify any outstanding questions or gaps in the knowledge.
Related WRc Work - Best practice guidance for chlorine disinfection, CP282, 2006-7.
- UV for inactivation of Cryptosporidium, UKWIR, 2007.
- Implementation of UV Disinfection, CP377, 2009.
- Microrisk project, European Commission, 2003-5.
- Management of the UKWIR Microsheets advisory service, ongoing.
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